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Scientists have detected evidence of individual brain cells signalling the formation of new memories.
Neurons that scientists call "changing cells" in the hippocampus - sometimes called the brain's memory hub - give off specific types of signals as a monkey commits tasks to memory.
It is well known that new associative memories - such as learning the name of a new acquaintance - require the involvement of the hippocampus.
But this is the first time that researchers have pinpointed the details of memory formation at the neural level.
"When hippocampal cells undergo these striking changes in neuronal activity, it's like watching a new memory being born," says Wendy Suzuki, of New York University, US.