Shadowsot
Ephemeral Spectre
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- Apr 24, 2009
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- 437
Yup wrote that when I was tired. My bad.
Mungoman
Mostly harmless...
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- In the Bush (Peak Hill, NSW)
No worries Shadowsot - she'll be right.
ramonmercado
CyberPunk
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- Eblana
Where did these people come from?
The date that humans arrived in South America has been pushed back to at least 25,000 years ago, based on an unlikely source: bones from an extinct giant ground sloth that were crafted into pendants by ancient people.
Discovered in the Santa Elina rock shelter in central Brazil, three sloth osteoderms — bony deposits that form a kind of protective armor over the skin of animals such as armadillos — found near stone tools sported tiny holes that only humans could have made.
The finding is among the earliest evidence for humans in the Americas, according to a paper published Wednesday (July 12) in the journal
Researchers in Brazil found three giant ground sloth osteoderms that were polished and had holes in them. (Image credit: Thaís Pansani)
The Santa Elina rock shelter, located in the Mato Grosso state in central Brazil, has been studied by archaeologists since 1985. Previous research at the site noted the presence of more than 1,000 individual figures and signs drawn on the walls, hundreds of stone tool artifacts, and thousands of sloth osteoderms, with three of the osteoderms showing evidence of human-created drill holes.
The newly published study documents these sloth osteoderms in exquisite detail to show that it is extremely unlikely that the holes in the bones were made naturally, with the implication that these bones push back the date humans settled in Brazil to 25,000 to 27,000 years ago. These dates are significant because of the growing — but still controversial — evidence for very early human occupation in South America, such as a date of 22,000 years ago for the Toca da Tira Peia rock shelter in eastern Brazil.
Using a combination of microscopic and macroscopic visualization techniques, the team discovered that the osteoderms, and even their tiny holes, had been polished, and noted traces of stone tool incisions and scraping marks on the artifacts. Animal-made bite marks on all three osteoderms led them to exclude rodents as the creators of the holes.
"These observations show that these three osteoderms were modified by humans into artefacts, probably personal ornaments," the researchers wrote in their paper.
https://www.livescience.com/archaeo...00-years-ago-giant-sloth-bone-pendants-reveal
The date that humans arrived in South America has been pushed back to at least 25,000 years ago, based on an unlikely source: bones from an extinct giant ground sloth that were crafted into pendants by ancient people.
Discovered in the Santa Elina rock shelter in central Brazil, three sloth osteoderms — bony deposits that form a kind of protective armor over the skin of animals such as armadillos — found near stone tools sported tiny holes that only humans could have made.
The finding is among the earliest evidence for humans in the Americas, according to a paper published Wednesday (July 12) in the journal
Researchers in Brazil found three giant ground sloth osteoderms that were polished and had holes in them. (Image credit: Thaís Pansani)
The Santa Elina rock shelter, located in the Mato Grosso state in central Brazil, has been studied by archaeologists since 1985. Previous research at the site noted the presence of more than 1,000 individual figures and signs drawn on the walls, hundreds of stone tool artifacts, and thousands of sloth osteoderms, with three of the osteoderms showing evidence of human-created drill holes.
The newly published study documents these sloth osteoderms in exquisite detail to show that it is extremely unlikely that the holes in the bones were made naturally, with the implication that these bones push back the date humans settled in Brazil to 25,000 to 27,000 years ago. These dates are significant because of the growing — but still controversial — evidence for very early human occupation in South America, such as a date of 22,000 years ago for the Toca da Tira Peia rock shelter in eastern Brazil.
Using a combination of microscopic and macroscopic visualization techniques, the team discovered that the osteoderms, and even their tiny holes, had been polished, and noted traces of stone tool incisions and scraping marks on the artifacts. Animal-made bite marks on all three osteoderms led them to exclude rodents as the creators of the holes.
"These observations show that these three osteoderms were modified by humans into artefacts, probably personal ornaments," the researchers wrote in their paper.
https://www.livescience.com/archaeo...00-years-ago-giant-sloth-bone-pendants-reveal
Tunn11
Justified & Ancient
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- 2,238
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- Under the highest tree top in Kent
I'm not clear on this. Have they dated the sloth remains or are they basing this on the assumed date of sloth extinction? If the latter then it may be be evidence of the survivial of giant sloths.Where did these people come from?
The date that humans arrived in South America has been pushed back to at least 25,000 years ago, based on an unlikely source: bones from an extinct giant ground sloth that were crafted into pendants by ancient people.
Discovered in the Santa Elina rock shelter in central Brazil, three sloth osteoderms — bony deposits that form a kind of protective armor over the skin of animals such as armadillos — found near stone tools sported tiny holes that only humans could have made.
The finding is among the earliest evidence for humans in the Americas, according to a paper published Wednesday (July 12) in the journal
Researchers in Brazil found three giant ground sloth osteoderms that were polished and had holes in them. (Image credit: Thaís Pansani)
The Santa Elina rock shelter, located in the Mato Grosso state in central Brazil, has been studied by archaeologists since 1985. Previous research at the site noted the presence of more than 1,000 individual figures and signs drawn on the walls, hundreds of stone tool artifacts, and thousands of sloth osteoderms, with three of the osteoderms showing evidence of human-created drill holes.
The newly published study documents these sloth osteoderms in exquisite detail to show that it is extremely unlikely that the holes in the bones were made naturally, with the implication that these bones push back the date humans settled in Brazil to 25,000 to 27,000 years ago. These dates are significant because of the growing — but still controversial — evidence for very early human occupation in South America, such as a date of 22,000 years ago for the Toca da Tira Peia rock shelter in eastern Brazil.
Using a combination of microscopic and macroscopic visualization techniques, the team discovered that the osteoderms, and even their tiny holes, had been polished, and noted traces of stone tool incisions and scraping marks on the artifacts. Animal-made bite marks on all three osteoderms led them to exclude rodents as the creators of the holes.
"These observations show that these three osteoderms were modified by humans into artefacts, probably personal ornaments," the researchers wrote in their paper.
https://www.livescience.com/archaeo...00-years-ago-giant-sloth-bone-pendants-reveal
Are they sure the osteoderms were worked when fresh or could fossil or sub fossil ones have been worked on?
Personally I think modern humans and perhaps not so modern ones arrived in South America much earlier than supposed and to North America later, so if this really does push things back another 27,000 years I'm not surprised and quite pleased.
ramonmercado
CyberPunk
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it seems to relate to the geological layers.
The presence of human-modified sloth bones in association with stone tools from geological layers that date to 25,000 to 27,000 years ago is strong evidence that people arrived in South America far earlier than previously assumed.
Tunn11
Justified & Ancient
- Joined
- Nov 23, 2005
- Messages
- 2,238
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- Under the highest tree top in Kent
Ah, missed that, I'll blame it on being old and feeble minded. It's getting harder now for the late arrival lot to maintain their position.
Shadowsot
Ephemeral Spectre
- Joined
- Apr 24, 2009
- Messages
- 437
Caution should always be observed, but this looks much more solid than some of the other claims recently. I'm excited.Where did these people come from?
The date that humans arrived in South America has been pushed back to at least 25,000 years ago, based on an unlikely source: bones from an extinct giant ground sloth that were crafted into pendants by ancient people.
Discovered in the Santa Elina rock shelter in central Brazil, three sloth osteoderms — bony deposits that form a kind of protective armor over the skin of animals such as armadillos — found near stone tools sported tiny holes that only humans could have made.
The finding is among the earliest evidence for humans in the Americas, according to a paper published Wednesday (July 12) in the journal
Researchers in Brazil found three giant ground sloth osteoderms that were polished and had holes in them. (Image credit: Thaís Pansani)
The Santa Elina rock shelter, located in the Mato Grosso state in central Brazil, has been studied by archaeologists since 1985. Previous research at the site noted the presence of more than 1,000 individual figures and signs drawn on the walls, hundreds of stone tool artifacts, and thousands of sloth osteoderms, with three of the osteoderms showing evidence of human-created drill holes.
The newly published study documents these sloth osteoderms in exquisite detail to show that it is extremely unlikely that the holes in the bones were made naturally, with the implication that these bones push back the date humans settled in Brazil to 25,000 to 27,000 years ago. These dates are significant because of the growing — but still controversial — evidence for very early human occupation in South America, such as a date of 22,000 years ago for the Toca da Tira Peia rock shelter in eastern Brazil.
Using a combination of microscopic and macroscopic visualization techniques, the team discovered that the osteoderms, and even their tiny holes, had been polished, and noted traces of stone tool incisions and scraping marks on the artifacts. Animal-made bite marks on all three osteoderms led them to exclude rodents as the creators of the holes.
"These observations show that these three osteoderms were modified by humans into artefacts, probably personal ornaments," the researchers wrote in their paper.
https://www.livescience.com/archaeo...00-years-ago-giant-sloth-bone-pendants-reveal
ramonmercado
CyberPunk
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Camel tooth gives archaeologists hunch regarding early populations of Oregon.
Stone tools and the teeth of an extinct camel and bison discovered in central Oregon show that people were living in North America 18,250 years ago, new research finds.
Although this is not the earliest date for human occupation of the Americas that has been proposed, the finding, which is not yet published in a peer-reviewed study, appears to be thousands of years older than any other archaeological site in Oregon.
Archaeologists made the discovery at the site of Rimrock Draw, which includes a rock shelter that researchers have been excavating since 2011 under a partnership with the Bureau of Land Management. Initial investigations found stone tools from the Paleo-Indian period (15000 B.C. to 7000 B.C.), but the geology of the site suggested that there were sediment layers dating to even earlier.
Although they expected to find old bones and artifacts, the archaeologists were startled by a stone tool with dried bison blood, which was discovered under a layer of volcanic sediment from the eruption of Mount St. Helens 15,400 years ago. This meant that humans were butchering ice age game in the Pacific Northwest far earlier than assumed. The oldest directly-dated evidence of humans in the U.S. comes from Paisley Caves in Oregon, where researchers studied coprolites — preserved poop — to conclude they came from humans and were about 14,200 years old. ...
https://www.livescience.com/archaeo...e-pacific-northwest-more-than-18000-years-ago
Stone tools and the teeth of an extinct camel and bison discovered in central Oregon show that people were living in North America 18,250 years ago, new research finds.
Although this is not the earliest date for human occupation of the Americas that has been proposed, the finding, which is not yet published in a peer-reviewed study, appears to be thousands of years older than any other archaeological site in Oregon.
Archaeologists made the discovery at the site of Rimrock Draw, which includes a rock shelter that researchers have been excavating since 2011 under a partnership with the Bureau of Land Management. Initial investigations found stone tools from the Paleo-Indian period (15000 B.C. to 7000 B.C.), but the geology of the site suggested that there were sediment layers dating to even earlier.
Although they expected to find old bones and artifacts, the archaeologists were startled by a stone tool with dried bison blood, which was discovered under a layer of volcanic sediment from the eruption of Mount St. Helens 15,400 years ago. This meant that humans were butchering ice age game in the Pacific Northwest far earlier than assumed. The oldest directly-dated evidence of humans in the U.S. comes from Paisley Caves in Oregon, where researchers studied coprolites — preserved poop — to conclude they came from humans and were about 14,200 years old. ...
https://www.livescience.com/archaeo...e-pacific-northwest-more-than-18000-years-ago
ramonmercado
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Footprints accepted by more archaeologists.
New research confirms that fossil human footprints in New Mexico are likely the oldest direct evidence of human presence in the Americas, a finding that upends what many archaeologists thought they knew about when our ancestors arrived in the New World.
The footprints were discovered at the edge of an ancient lakebed in White Sands National Park and date back to between 21,000 and 23,000 years ago, according to research published Thursday in the journal Science.
The estimated age of the footprints was first reported in Science in 2021, but some researchers raised concerns about the dates. Questions focused on whether seeds of aquatic plants used for the original dating may have absorbed ancient carbon from the lake—which could, in theory, throw off radiocarbon dating by thousands of years.
The new study presents two additional lines of evidence for the older date range. It uses two entirely different materials found at the site, ancient conifer pollen and quartz grains.
The reported age of the footprints challenges the once-conventional wisdom that humans didn't reach the Americas until a few thousand years before rising sea levels covered the Bering land bridge between Russia and Alaska, perhaps about 15,000 years ago.
"This is a subject that's always been controversial because it's so significant—it's about how we understand the last chapter of the peopling of the world," said Thomas Urban, an archaeological scientist at Cornell University, who was involved in the 2021 study but not the new one.
This Oct. 2023 photo made available by the National Park Service shows White Sands National Park Resource Program Manager, David Bustos at the White Sands National Park in New Mexico. Fossil human footprints discovered in White Sands, New Mexico likely date back to between 21,000 and 23,000 years ago, according to two lines of scientific evidence published Thursday, Oct. 5, 2023. Credit: NPS via AP
Thomas Stafford, an independent archaeological geologist in Albuquerque, New Mexico, who was not involved in the study, said he "was a bit skeptical before" but now is convinced.
"If three totally different methods converge around a single age range, that's really significant," he said.
The new study isolated about 75,000 grains of pure pollen from the same sedimentary layer that contained the footprints.
https://phys.org/news/2023-10-evidence-footprints-mexico-oldest-humans.html
New research confirms that fossil human footprints in New Mexico are likely the oldest direct evidence of human presence in the Americas, a finding that upends what many archaeologists thought they knew about when our ancestors arrived in the New World.
The footprints were discovered at the edge of an ancient lakebed in White Sands National Park and date back to between 21,000 and 23,000 years ago, according to research published Thursday in the journal Science.
The estimated age of the footprints was first reported in Science in 2021, but some researchers raised concerns about the dates. Questions focused on whether seeds of aquatic plants used for the original dating may have absorbed ancient carbon from the lake—which could, in theory, throw off radiocarbon dating by thousands of years.
The new study presents two additional lines of evidence for the older date range. It uses two entirely different materials found at the site, ancient conifer pollen and quartz grains.
The reported age of the footprints challenges the once-conventional wisdom that humans didn't reach the Americas until a few thousand years before rising sea levels covered the Bering land bridge between Russia and Alaska, perhaps about 15,000 years ago.
"This is a subject that's always been controversial because it's so significant—it's about how we understand the last chapter of the peopling of the world," said Thomas Urban, an archaeological scientist at Cornell University, who was involved in the 2021 study but not the new one.
This Oct. 2023 photo made available by the National Park Service shows White Sands National Park Resource Program Manager, David Bustos at the White Sands National Park in New Mexico. Fossil human footprints discovered in White Sands, New Mexico likely date back to between 21,000 and 23,000 years ago, according to two lines of scientific evidence published Thursday, Oct. 5, 2023. Credit: NPS via AP
Thomas Stafford, an independent archaeological geologist in Albuquerque, New Mexico, who was not involved in the study, said he "was a bit skeptical before" but now is convinced.
"If three totally different methods converge around a single age range, that's really significant," he said.
The new study isolated about 75,000 grains of pure pollen from the same sedimentary layer that contained the footprints.
https://phys.org/news/2023-10-evidence-footprints-mexico-oldest-humans.html
ramonmercado
CyberPunk
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A re-migration northwards spread new languages.
Hunter-gatherers from Mexico migrated into California more than 5,000 years ago, potentially spreading distinctive languages from the south into the region nearly 1,000 years earlier than previously thought, a new genetic study details.
The finding challenges the idea that what are known as the Uto-Aztecan languages — which include the Aztec and Toltec language Nahuatl, as well as Hopi and Shoshoni — were spread northward by prehistoric migrants from Mexico along with maize farming technologies.
"The dating and the location of this genetic material coming into California is really important for understanding the Uto-Aztecan migration," study lead author Nathan Nakatsuka, a population geneticist and a postdoctoral fellow at the New York Genome Center, told Live Science.
"We haven't fully figured it out, but we did provide evidence for a substantial migration of people coming into California at this time," he said.
The research, published on Wednesday (Nov. 22) in the journal Nature, was carried out when Nakatsuka was a student at Harvard Medical School.
Nakatsuka and his colleagues studied ancient DNA extracted from the teeth and bones of 79 ancient people found at archaeological sites in central and southern California. These remains were dated to between 7,400 and 200 years ago.
They also extracted ancient DNA from the remains of 40 people from sites in the northwest and central north of Mexico, which were dated to between 2,900 and 500 years ago.
By comparing the ancient genomes, the researchers found evidence for increased migration from northern Mexico into southern and central California about 5,200 years ago.
https://www.livescience.com/archaeo...their-languages-with-them-ancient-dna-reveals
Hunter-gatherers from Mexico migrated into California more than 5,000 years ago, potentially spreading distinctive languages from the south into the region nearly 1,000 years earlier than previously thought, a new genetic study details.
The finding challenges the idea that what are known as the Uto-Aztecan languages — which include the Aztec and Toltec language Nahuatl, as well as Hopi and Shoshoni — were spread northward by prehistoric migrants from Mexico along with maize farming technologies.
"The dating and the location of this genetic material coming into California is really important for understanding the Uto-Aztecan migration," study lead author Nathan Nakatsuka, a population geneticist and a postdoctoral fellow at the New York Genome Center, told Live Science.
"We haven't fully figured it out, but we did provide evidence for a substantial migration of people coming into California at this time," he said.
The research, published on Wednesday (Nov. 22) in the journal Nature, was carried out when Nakatsuka was a student at Harvard Medical School.
Nakatsuka and his colleagues studied ancient DNA extracted from the teeth and bones of 79 ancient people found at archaeological sites in central and southern California. These remains were dated to between 7,400 and 200 years ago.
They also extracted ancient DNA from the remains of 40 people from sites in the northwest and central north of Mexico, which were dated to between 2,900 and 500 years ago.
By comparing the ancient genomes, the researchers found evidence for increased migration from northern Mexico into southern and central California about 5,200 years ago.
https://www.livescience.com/archaeo...their-languages-with-them-ancient-dna-reveals
ramonmercado
CyberPunk
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The Big Foot Gauchos,
The first Europeans to visit the southernmost tip of South America marveled at the people they met there. They were so tall, one version of the story goes, that Ferdinand Magellan’s 16th century crew dubbed them “Patagones,” from the Spanish for “big foot.” The name came to describe Patagonia, the southern tip of South America as well.
Two hundred years after Magellan’s visit, a British sailor stranded in the region recorded a very different picture. The locals, probably Indigenous Tehuelche people, were no longer notable just for their size. They were now thundering across the Patagonian plains on horses, an animal that went extinct in the region thousands of years earlier. The reintroduction of the horse dramatically transformed Patagonian societies, and its impact there was more profound than perhaps anywhere else in South America.
Now, researchers say they’ve figured out when the horses got there. A study published today in Science Advances finds that after the animals were released by a failed Spanish colony in Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1000 kilometers to the north, Indigenous people in the region rapidly incorporated the newly introduced animal into their culture, expanding its range to the southernmost tip of South America within about a century.
https://www.science.org/content/article/patagonian-people-were-riding-horses-long-europeans-arrived
The first Europeans to visit the southernmost tip of South America marveled at the people they met there. They were so tall, one version of the story goes, that Ferdinand Magellan’s 16th century crew dubbed them “Patagones,” from the Spanish for “big foot.” The name came to describe Patagonia, the southern tip of South America as well.
Two hundred years after Magellan’s visit, a British sailor stranded in the region recorded a very different picture. The locals, probably Indigenous Tehuelche people, were no longer notable just for their size. They were now thundering across the Patagonian plains on horses, an animal that went extinct in the region thousands of years earlier. The reintroduction of the horse dramatically transformed Patagonian societies, and its impact there was more profound than perhaps anywhere else in South America.
Now, researchers say they’ve figured out when the horses got there. A study published today in Science Advances finds that after the animals were released by a failed Spanish colony in Buenos Aires, Argentina, 1000 kilometers to the north, Indigenous people in the region rapidly incorporated the newly introduced animal into their culture, expanding its range to the southernmost tip of South America within about a century.
https://www.science.org/content/article/patagonian-people-were-riding-horses-long-europeans-arrived
ramonmercado
CyberPunk
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Is this the tooth, the whole tooth and nothing but the tooth?
For more than 50 years, dental anthropologists have studied variation in the shape of human teeth to study the patterns of migration that people took as they populated the world. The last major continental migration event took place about 16,000 years ago, when humans first moved into North and South America. Where exactly did these people come from? How did they get there? Were there multiple waves of migration?
Leslea Hlusko, a researcher who is a member of the Dental Anthropology Group at the Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), and who leads the European project Tied2Teeth, belongs to the international team that has published a paper in the American Journal of Biological Anthropology that attempts to answer these questions using new approaches to the study of human dental variation.
The CENIEH researcher, together with the lead author of the paper Richard Scott (University of Nevada) and the rest of the team, used a program that was designed for use in forensic analyses to identify the population ancestry of unidentified human victims (rASUDAS2) to predict the ancestry of 1,418 ancient individuals from six geographical regions across Asia and the Americas.
They discovered that Native American individuals have a similar degree of affinity to East Asia, and are classified as East Asians between 10% and 15% of the time. This result suggests that all Native Americans derive from one population that split from East Asian populations at the same time, a result that echoes previous studies based on other data. The population is thought to have lived in the region of Beringia for 5,000–10,000 years prior to the migration into the Americas, during the last ice age, and experienced intense environmental selection.
The research team also found that Native Americans have affinity with Arctic populations, but this similarity diminishes the further away the person lived from the Arctic. This pattern suggests that the Arctic population migrated into the area later, and that the similarity in the shape of teeth is the result of populations intermixing, which would decrease as the geographic distance increases.
https://phys.org/news/2023-12-america-native-population-asian-migration.html
For more than 50 years, dental anthropologists have studied variation in the shape of human teeth to study the patterns of migration that people took as they populated the world. The last major continental migration event took place about 16,000 years ago, when humans first moved into North and South America. Where exactly did these people come from? How did they get there? Were there multiple waves of migration?
Leslea Hlusko, a researcher who is a member of the Dental Anthropology Group at the Centro Nacional de Investigación sobre la Evolución Humana (CENIEH), and who leads the European project Tied2Teeth, belongs to the international team that has published a paper in the American Journal of Biological Anthropology that attempts to answer these questions using new approaches to the study of human dental variation.
The CENIEH researcher, together with the lead author of the paper Richard Scott (University of Nevada) and the rest of the team, used a program that was designed for use in forensic analyses to identify the population ancestry of unidentified human victims (rASUDAS2) to predict the ancestry of 1,418 ancient individuals from six geographical regions across Asia and the Americas.
They discovered that Native American individuals have a similar degree of affinity to East Asia, and are classified as East Asians between 10% and 15% of the time. This result suggests that all Native Americans derive from one population that split from East Asian populations at the same time, a result that echoes previous studies based on other data. The population is thought to have lived in the region of Beringia for 5,000–10,000 years prior to the migration into the Americas, during the last ice age, and experienced intense environmental selection.
The research team also found that Native Americans have affinity with Arctic populations, but this similarity diminishes the further away the person lived from the Arctic. This pattern suggests that the Arctic population migrated into the area later, and that the similarity in the shape of teeth is the result of populations intermixing, which would decrease as the geographic distance increases.
https://phys.org/news/2023-12-america-native-population-asian-migration.html
ramonmercado
CyberPunk
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A venerable bead.
University of Wyoming archaeology Professor Todd Surovell and his team of collaborators have discovered a tube-shaped bead made of bone that is about 12,940 years old. The bead, found at the La Prele Mammoth site in Converse County, is the oldest known bead in the Americas.
Surovell's research is published in Scientific Reports; the paper is titled "Use of hare bone for the manufacture of a Clovis bead." Members of the research team included collaborators from UW, the Office of the Wyoming State Archaeologist, the University of Manchester, Weber State University and Chico State University.
The La Prele Mammoth site preserves the remains of a killed or scavenged sub-adult Columbian mammoth and an associated camp occupied during the time the animal was butchered.
To determine the origin of the bone bead, the team extracted collagen for zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry, also known as ZooMS, which allowed the group to gain insights about the chemical composition of the bone.
The researchers concluded that the bead was made from either a metapodial (the bones that link the phalanges of the digits to the more proximal bones of the limb) or a proximal phalanx (a bone found in the fingers and toes of humans and other vertebrates) of a hare.
This finding represents the first secure evidence for the use of hares during the Clovis period, which refers to a prehistoric era in North America, particularly prominent about 12,000 years ago. It's named after the Clovis archaeological site in New Mexico, where distinctive stone tools were discovered. ...
https://phys.org/news/2024-02-archaeologists-oldest-bead-americas.html
University of Wyoming archaeology Professor Todd Surovell and his team of collaborators have discovered a tube-shaped bead made of bone that is about 12,940 years old. The bead, found at the La Prele Mammoth site in Converse County, is the oldest known bead in the Americas.
Surovell's research is published in Scientific Reports; the paper is titled "Use of hare bone for the manufacture of a Clovis bead." Members of the research team included collaborators from UW, the Office of the Wyoming State Archaeologist, the University of Manchester, Weber State University and Chico State University.
The La Prele Mammoth site preserves the remains of a killed or scavenged sub-adult Columbian mammoth and an associated camp occupied during the time the animal was butchered.
To determine the origin of the bone bead, the team extracted collagen for zooarchaeology by mass spectrometry, also known as ZooMS, which allowed the group to gain insights about the chemical composition of the bone.
The researchers concluded that the bead was made from either a metapodial (the bones that link the phalanges of the digits to the more proximal bones of the limb) or a proximal phalanx (a bone found in the fingers and toes of humans and other vertebrates) of a hare.
This finding represents the first secure evidence for the use of hares during the Clovis period, which refers to a prehistoric era in North America, particularly prominent about 12,000 years ago. It's named after the Clovis archaeological site in New Mexico, where distinctive stone tools were discovered. ...
https://phys.org/news/2024-02-archaeologists-oldest-bead-americas.html
maximus otter
Recovering policeman
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ramonmercado
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Siberian origins of Indigenous North American Languages.
Johanna Nichols, a linguist at the University of California, Berkeley, has used her pioneering work in the field of language history to learn more about language development in North America. She has found that it can be traced back to two language groups that originated in Siberia. Her paper is published in the American Journal of Biological Anthropology.
Over the past several decades, scientists have learned more about the people who originally populated North America, and by extension, Central and South America. One characteristic of these people has remained largely a mystery: the evolution of the languages spoken by people living in what is now Canada, the U.S. and Mexico.
For this new study, Nichols used statistical techniques she developed to trace language lineage back to the earliest inhabitants of North America, going back 24,000 years.
Nichols' techniques involve the use of linguistic typology, a field that involves comparing languages and organizing them based on shared criteria. To learn more about early North American languages, she compiled lists of language characteristics and applied them to all known languages. She then scored each of the languages based on the revealed qualities. This allowed her to compare the languages as a way to find resemblances among them and spot patterns.
Nichols found that she could trace the languages spoken in early North America back to just two lineages, both of which originated in Siberia. They came, she notes, with the people who made their way across land bridges during Ice Age glaciation events. ...
https://phys.org/news/2024-04-languages-north-america-language-groups.html
Johanna Nichols, a linguist at the University of California, Berkeley, has used her pioneering work in the field of language history to learn more about language development in North America. She has found that it can be traced back to two language groups that originated in Siberia. Her paper is published in the American Journal of Biological Anthropology.
Over the past several decades, scientists have learned more about the people who originally populated North America, and by extension, Central and South America. One characteristic of these people has remained largely a mystery: the evolution of the languages spoken by people living in what is now Canada, the U.S. and Mexico.
For this new study, Nichols used statistical techniques she developed to trace language lineage back to the earliest inhabitants of North America, going back 24,000 years.
Nichols' techniques involve the use of linguistic typology, a field that involves comparing languages and organizing them based on shared criteria. To learn more about early North American languages, she compiled lists of language characteristics and applied them to all known languages. She then scored each of the languages based on the revealed qualities. This allowed her to compare the languages as a way to find resemblances among them and spot patterns.
Nichols found that she could trace the languages spoken in early North America back to just two lineages, both of which originated in Siberia. They came, she notes, with the people who made their way across land bridges during Ice Age glaciation events. ...
https://phys.org/news/2024-04-languages-north-america-language-groups.html
Mungoman
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I've always thought RaymonM, that our language indicates our historical trek (so to speak). This is confirmation.
Most excellent.