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The "Horror Film Gene"

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baracine

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This story is almost four months old now.

It says that according to genetics researchers from the University of Bonn in Germany, "gorehounds" or horror film fans who are not particularly affected by the sight of sadistic horror and dismemberment, are essentially missing a gene that allowed human beings to attain their present state of perfection. That gene allowed humans to become troubled at the sight of mayhem and to develop the fleeing reflex.

In other words, gorehounds are a bit like Neanderthals who haven't quite adapted to modern life and can still laugh at what makes the rest of the human race cringe... and think.

Here is the complete story. I believe it because I have always suspected that gorehounds or fans of Quentin Tarantino were not quite "normal" or even human. I now consider myself vindicated.

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/253...hat-makes-some-scream-while-others-laugh.html

Excerpt:

Psychologist Christian Montag, one of the University of Bonn researchers, said he thought the gene variant linked to scaring more easily had only recently evolved, as it was not present in other primates like chimpanzees.

He said the propensity to scare more easily could have offered an evolutionary advantage to humans.

While bravery appears to be prized in the animal kingdom, recklessness could have been a disadvantage to humans with their larger mental capacity to go away and figure a problem out.
 
Doesn't this theory rest on whether horror fans can tell the difference between fact and fiction? And assumes that they cannot? You know what happens when you assume...?
 
gncxx said:
Doesn't this theory rest on whether horror fans can tell the difference between fact and fiction? And assumes that they cannot? You know what happens when you assume...?

I heard this argument before. I choose to ignore it because of my deepset hatred for the obnoxiousness of gorehounds. :D But seriously now...

This "theory" doesn't assume or imply that the "normal" people who react with repulsion at scenes of horror or the gorehounds with a missing gene who just laugh at the same scenes have anything wrong with their perception of whether or not the events depicted in a work of fiction are real or not.

In other words, the scientists assume that both sets of individuals have comparable intelligence and that they both know they are looking at make-believe.

Having said this, genuine gorehounds usually reply that in real life situations they would know better than to hang around and make fun of a bloody mangled corpse by poking it with a stick if they ever were involved in a real-life massacre, thereby endangering their own worthless lives.

This is where I disagree.

I prefer to assume that the only reason that gorehounds are so numerous these days despite having a non-competitive anti-evolutionary missing gene is because modern life is so cushy and so free from real trauma and physical challenge. After all, gorehounds were unheard of in the past centuries, excepting maybe certain extremely privileged, well-defended or well-armed individuals like Gilles de Rais, Vlad the Impaler, Nero and Caligula.

Furthermore, about the ability to distinguish between make-believe and reality, you have to remember that one of the main tendencies of art for the past 2,500 years - and of horror films for the past 40 years - has been to make artworks as realistic as possible so that the line between make-believe and reality is often times blurred, even for the most brilliant and perceptive individuals.
 
But horror is inherently part of the genre of fantasy, and escapist fantasy at that. I wouldn't call myself a "gorehound", but I do like a decent horror movie. This doesn't mean I'm the type of person who spends their spare time checking out car accident footage on the internet.

Sure, there are those who have Rotten.com bookmarked, but isn't that more to do with an emotional distance from the photographs or footage? Doesn't mean they'd be laughing their heads off if someone they knew lost a leg.

You seem to have got this all wrapped up in a view of horror fiction, a genre that goes back centuries, a view that it is without morals. I feel we've been over this before on this MB and never reached a satisfying conclusion, so perhaps it's better we agree to disagree. I just think it's wrong to demonise people for their taste in films. It's like those who like to get their kicks on rollercoasters compared to those with weak stomachs for that type of thrill (like me).
 
gncxx said:
But horror is inherently part of the genre of fantasy, and escapist fantasy at that. I wouldn't call myself a "gorehound", but I do like a decent horror movie. This doesn't mean I'm the type of person who spends their spare time checking out car accident footage on the internet`

I'm not saying that you are. I like the thrill of fear like the next person, when it is understood that one is dealing with artistry and make-believe and that one is headed for a happy resolution.

Sure, there are those who have Rotten.com bookmarked, but isn't that more to do with an emotional distance from the photographs or footage? Doesn't mean they'd be laughing their heads off if someone they knew lost a leg.

My point - and the point of the scientists who made this discovery - is that they probably would.

You seem to have got this all wrapped up in a view of horror fiction, a genre that goes back centuries, a view that it is without morals. I feel we've been over this before on this MB and never reached a satisfying conclusion, so perhaps it's better we agree to disagree. I just think it's wrong to demonise people for their taste in films. It's like those who like to get their kicks on rollercoasters compared to those with weak stomachs for that type of thrill (like me).

I won't choose to disagree with you unless it is absolutely necessary. I am a great fan of horror fiction - going back centuries. I have studied its evolution to the point where I can appreciate new developments in narrative structure but still have a weak stomach for the contemporary excesses of the gore involved (cough - Dean Koontz). When it comes to film, besides the fact that current offerings are the pale, diluted but undigested remnants of much more brilliant works of literature, when they are not squarely based on comicbooks, graphic novels or video games, I have to conclude that they are basically one long adolescent revenge fantasy peppered with guns, car crashes and explosions after another, which doesn't augur well for the human race.

You have to understand that my repulsion for genuine gorehounds is very real and physical. I am reminded of last Halloween when I was invited to a local bar's "optional fig leaf" party :oops: . I was wearing one like 75% of the guests who were all enjoying the multiple erotic possibilities of the evening when I had to have a cigarette on an open-air terrace and share an ashtray with the only group of people there who chose to remain fully clothed. They were all male, fat, ugly, greasy, unkempt, nerdy, hirsute and dateless and their conversation revolved around - can you guess? - the fine points of eye-gouging in their extensive collection of 80's horror videos. I don't remember ever seeing a clearer demonstration of the opposition between eros and thanatos in a mundane situation.
 
I can understand your concern that the Barbarians are at the gates, but there will always be those who prefer Rob Zombie to Jean Renoir, though blaming a part of society for bringing us all down due to their bad taste is very tempting. However, to track their poor choice in entertainment to some kind of gene brings us a bit too close to eugenics for my liking and that has implications more disturbing than these guys' favourite eye-gouging scenes. Or even that they have a favourite eye-gouging scene!
 
baracine said:
one of the main tendencies of art for the past 2,500 years - and of horror films for the past 40 years - has been to make artworks as realistic as possible so that the line between make-believe and reality is often times blurred, even for the most brilliant and perceptive individuals.
That's just not true. Take visual art - after the invention of the camera, do you genuinely believe that painting got more realistic?

As for films, if you're talking about 'Saw' etc - I'm not a big fan, as I find them unpleasant, but surely anyone can see that they're far removed from reality, and revel in it (in a fully ironic way)?
 
H_James said:
baracine said:
one of the main tendencies of art for the past 2,500 years - and of horror films for the past 40 years - has been to make artworks as realistic as possible so that the line between make-believe and reality is often times blurred, even for the most brilliant and perceptive individuals.
That's just not true. Take visual art - after the invention of the camera, do you genuinely believe that painting got more realistic?

What happened to painting in the last century was a temporary aberration, which is now being corrected, and which doesn't annihilate 25 centuries of art history. Who was it that said "The XXth Century was a mistake"?

As for films, if you're talking about 'Saw' etc - I'm not a big fan, as I find them unpleasant, but surely anyone can see that they're far removed from reality, and revel in it (in a fully ironic way)?

The irony is lost on me. Sadism is sadism is sadism. I also see a link between gore porn and the legalization of torture in America under Bush.
 
You could possibly class me as a 'gorehoud', but I know it's all fake on film so it doesn't affect me.

As for images and footage of genuine injuries and death, I have a morbid curiousity in such things but I probably would react differently to seeing it in person. Not having experienced anything like that, I can't comment on my actual reactions.
 
baracine said:
What happened to painting in the last century was a temporary aberration, which is now being corrected, and which doesn't annihilate 25 centuries of art history. Who was it that said "The XXth Century was a mistake"?

aberration? corrected? these are fantastic statements. Do you have any reasonfor believing this?
 
H_James said:
baracine said:
What happened to painting in the last century was a temporary aberration, which is now being corrected, and which doesn't annihilate 25 centuries of art history. Who was it that said "The XXth Century was a mistake"?

aberration? corrected? these are fantastic statements. Do you have any reasonfor believing this?

This is off-topic. The visual arts did what they had to do to adapt to a photographic age. As such, this reaction may be considered a temporary hiccup or indigestion. Theatre certainly went on being realistic through the vagaries of surrealism and absurdism and melodious music is still being written despite the vagaries of serialism and rave music. As admirable as critics, art historians and that nice salesman at Sotheby's may think "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon" is, very few people are actually moved by that painting the way Picasso was when he painted it (assuming that he was moved at all). Since Aristotle, occidental art has been striving for verisimilitude in the way it affects the emotions. As the proverb says, the dogs may bark but the caravan moves on.
 
gncxx said:
I can understand your concern that the Barbarians are at the gates, but there will always be those who prefer Rob Zombie to Jean Renoir, though blaming a part of society for bringing us all down due to their bad taste is very tempting. However, to track their poor choice in entertainment to some kind of gene brings us a bit too close to eugenics for my liking and that has implications more disturbing than these guys' favourite eye-gouging scenes. Or even that they have a favourite eye-gouging scene!

I agree with you that the existence of that gene has important ramifications. This fact can be used in a lot of ways, beyond my innocent merriment at gorehounds. This gene might be used to explain why some people are warlike and others are pacifist, why some are apparently unmoved by the troubles of others while others are altruists, why there are Scrooges and Mother Theresas, why there are Christians and Satanists, and so on. Judging from the history of the world, it can also be argued that the deficient gene carriers have been pretty much in control for the past 10 000 years, so that eugenics would have a tough job of it.

Anyway, it's not as bad as if gorehounds were missing a whole chromosome, which would have been my first guess...

The%20Bad%20Seed.jpg
 
"I don't remember ever seeing a clearer demonstration of the opposition between eros and thanatos in a mundane situation."

Tell us about any heavenly ones you have witnessed as that might interest us more!

Oddly enough, the last people I saw debating the levels of gore in the Saw movies were two tiny girls, off the leash while their mum tried to pawn their clothes in Cash Generator.

Funnily enough, their names were Eros and Thanatos.

As in 'Erosaidyoulittlebleeder and Thanatoswelltalktoyerself! :spinning
 
baracine said:
This is off-topic. The visual arts did what they had to do to adapt to a photographic age. As such, this reaction may be considered a temporary hiccup or indigestion.
Not off topic.

(had to edit this down from a lengthy rant as I had to admit that I was getting pretty O/T ;))

It seems to be a central tenet of your argument that the arts are moving towards a more 'realistic' whole. This is nonsense.

First: the arts are not something that can be categorised in any linear, progressive whole. They are more like a vague cloud of communications between other arts, other fields of human culture (eg. Language, Science, Computer Programming, gee I don't know).

Second:
Theatre certainly went on being realistic through the vagaries of surrealism and absurdism and melodious music is still being written despite the vagaries of serialism and rave music.
And the vagaries of serialism and rave were still being invented, while others were working on more melodious music. Which is the more vital? Of course Jack Vettriano sells more than many painters. Of course the most popular films at the box-office are, by-and-large, comfort food. That doesn't negate the fact that there are people out there making weird shit. David Lynch is going to be in a lot more art encyclopedias in 100 years than Richard Curtiss.

third:
Since Aristotle, occidental art has been striving for verisimilitude in the way it affects the emotions. As the proverb says, the dogs may bark but the caravan moves on.
Agreed. Good point, but wrongly inferred. I think it's been a while since artists and culture as a whole have realised that there are more things in heaven and earth than what you experience directly with your eye and your ear. We know that reality does not look like a photograph. Thus, a piece like Ulysses is a far more accurate description of the world as we actually experience it than any blandly-written record of events. We spent much more of our experience perceptually reading between the lines than experiencing sensory information as it is. Hell, we know that our brain mediates our perceptions anyway, so we never see the world as it is.

Of course, a lot of artists choose to explore these issues in a realist medium, but these issues can only be explored if one acknowledges that they ARE issues ;)

As I said, not off-topic. It's a central tenet to your argument. As that tenet falls down with a gentle push (for me, at least), the other pieces can't fit.
 
H_James said:
baracine said:
This is off-topic. The visual arts did what they had to do to adapt to a photographic age. As such, this reaction may be considered a temporary hiccup or indigestion.
Not off topic. (...) weird shit (...) As I said, not off-topic. It's a central tenet to your argument. As that tenet falls down with a gentle push (for me, at least), the other pieces can't fit.

You have clearly forgotten what the subject of this thread is. It's how the lack of a gene essential to the evolution of homo sapiens may explain the behaviour of gorehounds. This is not my argument but a theory developed by genetics researchers of Bonn University.

One poster (wrongly) asserted that this research depends on the test subjects' ability to distinguish between reality and fiction. I do admire, however, this poster's mentioning that there is a difference between reality and fantasy.

If by "my argument" you actually mean the very tangential opinion I put forward that art for time immemorial has strived to affect the emotions through verisimilitude, I was just quoting Aristotle.

I realize a lot of water has flowed under bridges since Aristotle but he's still my main man.

He wouldn't have approved of inflatable dog turds as museum pieces, among other things.

So, anytime anyone feels like getting back on track, I'll be there for you.
 
"Present state of perfection"? And are they saying that horror movie fans are sociopaths? This whole thing seems pretty shakey. I'd argue that being able to laugh at what makes the rest of the human race cringe is a useful adaption, myself. ;)

My strong ability to tell fact and fiction apart has given me a sense of humor that offends a lot of people. I am not affected by fake sadistic horror or dismemberment, but I am horrified by real sadistic horror and dismemberment. Of course there are those who think real violence is funny, as long as it's nobody they know, but that's different from being a horror movie fan.
 
Mister_Awesome said:
"Present state of perfection"? And are they saying that horror movie fans are sociopaths? This whole thing seems pretty shakey. I'd argue that being able to laugh at what makes the rest of the human race cringe is a useful adaption, myself. ;)

Different people find different things funny. Personally, I don't think the word "adaption" is funny. It makes me sad.

My strong ability to tell fact and fiction apart has given me a sense of humor that offends a lot of people. I am not affected by fake sadistic horror or dismemberment, but I am horrified by real sadistic horror and dismemberment. Of course there are those who think real violence is funny, as long as it's nobody they know, but that's different from being a horror movie fan.

The test subjects of this experiment who are repelled by gore know as well as the gorehounds that they are looking at make-believe. That is not an issue. There is nothing in the study that implies that the gorehounds (for lack of a better word) are superior in that respect to the other test subjects.

You say you are horrified by real sadistic horror and dismemberment. I'm glad.

Your last sentence doesn't make sense to me, however. You write: "Of course there are those who think real violence is funny, as long as it's nobody they know, but that's different from being a horror movie fan."

That could mean two different things, e.g.: (1) It's better to find real violence funny as long as it's no one you know than to be a horror movie fan, which would be really despicable; or (2) Being a horror movie fan is a perfectly respectable passtime, as long as you don't find real violence funny when it happens to people you don't know.

So what are you saying? The internal logic of your post would tend to indicate that you meant the second sentiment. And, in that you are simply repeating what has been said here at least twice before.

What we'd all like to know, of course, is whether the gene-defective gorehounds, as defined by that study, would also be likely to laugh at real violence against people they know.

The fact remains, for better or worse, that today's entertainment industry is largely based on the exploitation of increasingly realistic depictions of violence, sadism, death, gore and graphic dismemberment. People actively and routinely seek this kind of entertainment to a level that would have been considered pathological only 50 years ago. Death, dismemberment, the glorification of violent crime and sadistic revenge are the main preoccupation of comicbooks, graphic novels, pulp fiction, movies with superheroes or hired killers as protagonists (easily 75% of the US production), video games (in an interactive way), but mostly the daily onslaught of television shows in North America where there is approximately one violent act of sadism every 15 minutes in prime time (excluding the news stories). That is besides all the C.S.I.-type shows that start with the dissection of a fresh body on the slab every week and the soap operas about "crime families". There even used to be at one time two (count'em two) competing weekly shows about the private lives of undertakers, one fiction and one reality.

You have to ask yourself: If you try to imagine a society where vampirism was the main activity or form of sustenance, would its entertainment themes and values be any different than what they are now - with maybe only slight alterations to the menus offered on the Food Channel*?

*No wine, easy on the garlic.:D

I don't know if gorehounds should be considered sociopaths but if it's the case, the patients have clearly taken over the madhouse.

Social critics used to talk about "desensitization to violence". This scientific study opens up a whole new chapter in our understanding of the phenomenon. Can we foresee a day when simple DNA testing at the cinema door would allow the consumer to determine whether he will enjoy himself or simply lose his cookies?
 
I really don't see how useful the discovery of this gene would be, unless it's to medically force us all to prefer romantic comedies and "lovely musicals" (as Peter Cushing called them) instead of getting our kicks watching films with violence in them, which is swapping one non-reality for another. It's not as if anybody watching the Saw series will ever encounter anything like that in real life, so who knows how they would react? And why is it so important? Better to tackle the far bigger problem of real life violence than get caught up chasing the nebulous effects of fantasies.
 
gncxx said:
I really don't see how useful the discovery of this gene would be, unless it's to medically force us all to prefer romantic comedies and "lovely musicals" (as Peter Cushing called them) instead of getting our kicks watching films with violence in them, which is swapping one non-reality for another. It's not as if anybody watching the Saw series will ever encounter anything like that in real life, so who knows how they would react? And why is it so important? Better to tackle the far bigger problem of real life violence than get caught up chasing the nebulous effects of fantasies.

How can we be sure that America's penchant for violent entertainment is not at least indirectly responsible for allowing its leaders to almost get away with legalizing torture? And everything we know about Islamic terrorists seems to confirm that most of them do not choose that path because of poverty or profound religious meditation or exposure to Indian musicals (!) but that they pretty much have the same privileged upbringing as most Western kids, which includes extremely violent films and video games, with possibly a little less sex thrown in the equation.

Identifying the gorehound gene could eventually have positive consequences on the education of children and the determination of the level of violence they may be exposed to. It could also, of course, be useful in the recruitment of soldiers and terrorists.
 
So global politics are dictated by the film and games industries? Or maybe it could the other way around? Most fictional entertainments, the vast majority in fact, are not trendsetters for social ills, and those which tackle them do not give rise to them.
 
gncxx said:
So global politics are dictated by the film and games industries? Or maybe it could the other way around?

Granted there is very little originality in 99 % of current film and entertainment production. But could it be that world-wide violence is triggered and fostered by the forces unleashed when you allow the gene-deficient portion of the population to freely indulge their rabid curiosity about death, mayhem and dismemberment through films and video games? Is it reasonable to assume that they will always adopt a mode of passive enjoyment and never move on to more involved applications?

I seem to remember that Gilles de Rais - the original Bluebeard - blamed his atrocities on having read Nero's life in Suetonius.

BTW, does anyone remember that magnificent Simpsons episode where Lisa Simpson discovered a pheromone emitted by intelligent kids that triggered the agressivity of bullies towards them? It was called "pointdextrose" and the whole idea of it seemed extremely plausible to me. So you can imagine what I think of a scientific study like the one this thread is about...:D
 
In his novel Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, R.L. Stevenson's hero posits a component of the brain that makes men good. While striving to develop a substance that favours this component, he accidentally develops a formula that does just the contrary with the consequences you know. The moral, of course, was: Man shouldn't temper with God's creation or, as the French say, whoever strives to become an angel usually becomes a beast.

We are presented now with the same dilemma. We can only trust that our science is better than Dr. Jekyll's and its use will be for the good of humanity and not as yet another subsector of the weapons industry.
 
This reminds me of that thread about "the new barbarism" (or something similar), at this point. I think there is a certain amount of desensitization that we get. I also think that violent media is catering to the audience, not creating their audience: that is, violence is what many people want. TV is our Roman coliseum.
 
Mister_Awesome said:
This reminds me of that thread about "the new barbarism" (or something similar), at this point. I think there is a certain amount of desensitization that we get. I also think that violent media is catering to the audience, not creating their audience: that is, violence is what many people want. TV is our Roman coliseum.

Right. Babies were always born clamouring for graphic depictions of dismemberment. We just weren't listening. :?: :roll:

shocking%20banksy%20killer%20baby.jpg


Actually, as far as teenagers go, there is a great amount of peer pressure egging every [male] individual on to view more and more explicitly violent movies. It's a homosexual bonding ritual among nerdy and/or gene-defective teenagers - usually cut-off from normal relations with the opposite sex - whereby the weakest-stomached individuals - those with normal genes - will be excluded from the Quentin Tarantino-loving pack and be considered social failures or "sissies". This phenomenon is not exactly new. It was described by no less than Saint Augustine in his Confessions (401 AD) about the circus games you mentioned. (Confessions, Book 6, Chapter 7, Friendship with Alypius)

The same holds true for the peer pressure that produces Islamic terrorists (or any terrorist) and spoiled and unsupervised American teenagers (with access to guns) who decide to shoot up their schoolmates in revenge for perceived wrongs one fine morning. But what is new is that defective genes might have something to do with that.
 
Again, we're back to eugenics and I'm not comfortable with that. I also find that in my experience it's the "sissies" who prefer to relax with an action or horror film every night rather than the hardcases who channel their energies into football, drinking and "the opposite sex".

Do you really think those magnificent physical specimens you saw in that bar have it in them to be super soldiers or even say "boo" to a goose when push came to shove? And the ones that shoot up classrooms have been sent over the edge by daily persecution, not by Rambo egging them on. It's sounds like a cliche, but society really is to blame. Maybe we just need more hugs, along with a heavy dose of tolerance.

I told you we'd have to agree to disagree!
 
gncxx said:
Again, we're back to eugenics and I'm not comfortable with that. I also find that in my experience it's the "sissies" who prefer to relax with an action or horror film every night rather than the hardcases who channel their energies into football, drinking and "the opposite sex".

Do you really think those magnificent physical specimens you saw in that bar have it in them to be super soldiers or even say "boo" to a goose when push came to shove? And the ones that shoot up classrooms have been sent over the edge by daily persecution, not by Rambo egging them on. It's sounds like a cliche, but society really is to blame. Maybe we just need more hugs, along with a heavy dose of tolerance.

I told you we'd have to agree to disagree!

Nope. I still agree with you.

Whithin their in-group, the gene-defective epsilons use the gore test to weed out the "sissies" from their midst. But in the larger scheme of things, they are themselves excluded from the jocks and the popular kids (who have presumably normal genes and who call them "gay"). As you correctly pointed out, the perpetrators of school massacres are (1) shunned and often persecuted by the more popular kids who practise sports and are considered "normal", (2) fervent adepts of violent video games, heavy metal music and whatever else that can distinguish them from "normalcy" as they perceive it.
 
I think it's worth pointing out that only a miniscule percentage of heavy metal fans, gamers or horror movie fans become mass murderers. So few in fact that the benefits of identifying any gene that affects their taste in such things would be next to useless.
 
gncxx said:
I think it's worth pointing out that only a miniscule percentage of heavy metal fans, gamers or horror movie fans become mass murderers. So few in fact that the benefits of identifying any gene that affects their taste in such things would be next to useless.

I think the main objection to the utility of knowing about the Horror Film Gene is in numbers. Assuming that all fans of violent movies and video games have the defective gene, that would make a lot of people and it would indicate that the gene-defectives do manage to reproduce like the rest of us. It would be little comfort to know that cold-blooded killers, criminals and terrorists are recruited from that large group if nothing can be done to modify their gene structure.
 
I don't understand the thing about the baby, Baracine. That isn't actually what you think I meant, is it? I'm also confused about the homosexual thing...

I'm sorry, but this whole thing is really ridiculous. If you look at most of these people, a lot of their behavior has to do with their upbringing and childhood experiences; they don't need a gene to behave the way they do. If it is true, I wonder if there is a gene that makes sports fans or one that makes people more susceptible to religion.
 
Mister_Awesome said:
I don't understand the thing about the baby, Baracine. That isn't actually what you think I meant, is it? I'm also confused about the homosexual thing...

I'm sorry, but this whole thing is really ridiculous. If you look at most of these people, a lot of their behavior has to do with their upbringing and childhood experiences; they don't need a gene to behave the way they do. If it is true, I wonder if there is a gene that makes sports fans or one that makes people more susceptible to religion.

The "baby thing" was a joke. You said the film industry doesn't drive the rush to violence, it only caters to existing tastes in the public. To me, that's not far removed from saying we are all born craving gore, which I don't think we are. Therefore, we must have been collectively led down that path by environmental and cultural forces and possibly by the influence of the gene-defective part of the public and possibly gene-defective entertainment executives.

I use "homosexual" in its original sense of "involving only one sex".

As cultural consumers, we (Westerners, but it is also true of the whole planet) have mostly become a nation of ghouls. There are cultural reasons for this, of course, like the fact that we are continually bombarded by gory news stories and increasingly realistic scenes of sadistic violence in fiction and video games. The gene thing must also be a factor. Maybe that gene imabalance helps us cope with that continual bombardement. Mayve it's a "natural" desensitization mechanism. I guess we should only be satisfied for now in knowing that that factor exists. I understand the prospect of relying on eugenics to rectify that genetic imbalance in a large part of the population can be frightening but it is conceivable that a society would one day choose to rid itself of its more genetically-defective morbid elements through eugenics. What is even more frightening to me, of course, is that some societies could choose to use that genetic imbalance to create a nation or an invincible army of cold-blooded killers. It's safe to say that prospect will at least be used in science-fiction one day, if it hasn't already.

This brings the debate back to the themes of A Cockwork Orange. How far is society willing to go to rid its members of their violent tendencies? [I will admit, however, that in that film/story, I never particularly appreciated the plot point that one of the worst things that can happen when eliminating a killer's violent tendencies is to accidentally deprive him of his appreciation of German classical music. As I'm French, that always seemed a given to me since German music gives us hives.:D]
 
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