Testing possible weapons on one's own men has a long history in Britain and the US. For possible use as a non-lethal weapon, of course!Vitrius said:I can see why governments would "test" amphetamines on pilots and ground troops, but what reason could they have for using acid? How does this help win a war? If anything, I would think they'd be spraying the enemy front with the stuff.
What next, X? "Aww, come on, man, let's just be peaceful and dance."
Lady Stella said:A little bit, certainly.
Lets hope it bodes well for the cases of all the other poor sods who either died or suffered permanent injury from Porton Down's experiments.
MI6 ordered LSD tests on servicemen*
Volunteers fed hallucinogen in mind control experiments
*Rob Evans
Saturday January 22, 2005
The Guardian <http://www.guardian.co.uk>*
Fifty years ago, Eric Gow had a baffling and unexplained experience. As a 19-year-old sailor, he remembers going to a clandestine military establishment, where he was given something to drink in a sherry glass and experienced vivid hallucinations.
Other servicemen also remember tripping: one thought he was seeing tigers jumping out of a wall, while another recalls faces "with eyes running down their cheeks, Salvador Dalí-style".
Mr Gow and another serviceman had volunteered to take part in what they thought was research to find a cure for the common cold.
Mr Gow felt that the government had never explained what happened to him. But now he has received an official admission for the first time, confirmed last night, that the intelligence agency MI6 tested LSD on servicemen.
The Guardian has spoken to three servicemen who say that they were not warned that they were being fed a hallucinogen during experiments.
One of the scientists involved at the time suggested that the experiments were stopped because it was feared that the acid could produce "suicidal tendencies".
MI6, known formally as the Secret Intelligence Service (SIS) and responsible for spying operations abroad, carried out the tests in the cold war in an attempt to uncover a "truth drug" which would make prisoners talk against their will in interrogations.
It appears that MI6 feared that the Russians had discovered their own "brainwashing" chemical to control the minds of their enemies, fears triggered by pictures of American servicemen who had been captured during the Korean war confessing to their "crimes" and calling for a US surrender.
In 1949, a Hungarian dissident had also "confessed" robotically in a show trial without, it seemed, being in control of himself.
In parallel experiments, the CIA infamously tested LSD and other drugs on unwitting human subjects in a 20-year search to uncover mind-manipulation techniques. The trials were widely criticised when they came to light in the 1970s.
Mr Gow and another man say that while serving in the military they volunteered to take part in research. They were told to go to the Porton Down chemical warfare establishment in Wiltshire, where servicemen were regularly tested in experiments.
Mr Gow, then a radio operator in the Royal Navy, says that scientists gave him the liquid to drink in 1954, a decade before the effects of LSD were popularised by hippies.
Soon he could not add up three figures. The radiator started to go in and out "like a squeezebox", while shoe marks on the floor spun like a catherine wheel. He says he still seemed to be tripping that evening, when he and a colleague went dancing in nearby Salisbury, with wellies on. "I don't think we got a date that night," he said yesterday.
He added that the scientists had been "irresponsible", particularly as they had not kept the men under close supervision. Now a magistrate, he submitted an open government request to the Ministry of Defence seeking more details of the experiments.
The MoD replied that "much of the information concerning LSD involves research conducted at the behest of the Secret Intelligence Service ... We are more than happy to speak to them [SIS] on your behalf and will pursue the question of downgrading the security classification of certain documents to allow us to disclose them to you".
Last night, a Foreign Office spokesman confirmed that in 1953 and 1954 Porton Down carried out SIS-commissioned tests of LSD on service personnel.
Don Webb says that in 1953, when he was a 19-year-old airman, scientists told him to take LSD several times in a week. He experienced "walls melting, cracks appearing in people's faces, you could see their skulls, eyes would run down cheeks, Salvador Dalí-style faces".
Alan Care, a lawyer representing Mr Gow and Mr Webb, has written to MI6 demanding more documents about the trials and is threatening legal action. Yesterday he said: "Clearly these men were duped and subjected to unethical LSD thought control experiments. MI6 should release all its documents about these trials - national secrets will not be compromised."
A senior Porton Down official described the LSD trials as "tentative and inadequately controlled", according to a document made public in the National Archives.
One scientist involved was believed to be the late Harry Cullumbine, who was in charge of human experiments at Porton Down in the 1950s.
Extracts from his unpublished autobiography were aired at the recent inquest into the death of the airman Ronald Maddison after nerve gas trials in 1953. According to the Wiltshire coroner, David Masters, Cullumbine wrote: "We stopped the trials ... when it was reported that in a few people it might produce suicidal tendencies."
Mr Masters told the inquest: "MI6 was eager to try it as a truth drug."
However, the quest came to nothing, because the scientists discovered that LSD was useless for manipulating the human mind.
No charges over Porton Down tests
No scientists will be charged over a series of chemical tests on human volunteers at the Ministry of Defence's laboratories at Porton Down.
Between 1939 and 1989, hundreds of servicemen took part in experiments at the Wiltshire establishment.
The Crown Prosecution Service (CPS) carried out a review after an inquest ruled one aircraftsman who died in 1953 had been unlawfully killed.
But the CPS has decided there is insufficient evidence to prosecute.
Leading Aircraftsman Ronald Maddison's family say he went to Porton Down believing he would be taking part in tests to find a cure for the common cold.
Instead, he was exposed to the lethal nerve agent sarin, and died within an hour.
The initial inquest into his death was held in secret on the grounds of national security, but after years of campaigning a second inquest was opened in 2004. It decided LAC Maddison had been unlawfully killed.
Last month it was revealed his family had been awarded £100,000 in compensation from the Ministry of Defence
Kate Leonard, Senior Crown Prosecutor, said: "I have decided there is still insufficient evidence available to prosecute any person with a criminal offence over the testing which was carried out.
"In reaching these decisions I considered the evidence from the inquest into Mr Maddison's death to see whether it had any impact."
Story from BBC NEWS:
Published: 2006/06/12 12:21:01 GMT
© BBC MMVI
who in 1953 supposedly committed suicide by jumping from a hotel room several stories up but, reading the story, looks more likely to have been murdered by the CIA.one of the first scientists assigned to the secret US biological warfare laboratories at Fort Detrick in Frederick, Maryland during the second world war.
He's invited to a meeting of various scientists - CIA, MK-Ultra, army chemical corps, where he & some others are unwittingly dosed with LSD in cognac. It doesn't go well from then on.Olson began working with the handful of colleagues who would accompany him throughout his clandestine career. One was Harold Abramson. Others included ex-Nazi scientists who had been brought to work on secret missions in the US. For a time they worked on aerosol technologies – ways to spray germs or toxins on enemies and to defend against such attacks. Later, Olson met with American intelligence officers who had experimented with “truth drugs” in Europe.
In his laboratory at Fort Detrick, Olson directed experiments that involved gassing or poisoning laboratory animals. These experiences disturbed him. “He’d come to work in the morning and see piles of dead monkeys,” his son Eric later recalled. “That messes with you. He wasn’t the right guy for that.”
“In CIA safe-houses in Germany,” according to one study, “Olson witnessed horrific brutal interrogations on a regular basis. Detainees who were deemed ‘expendable’ – suspected spies or moles, security leaks, etc – were literally interrogated to death in experimental methods combining drugs, hypnosis and torture, to attempt to master brainwashing techniques and memory erasing.”
At Porton down on 6 May, a volunteer subject, a 20-year-old soldier, was dosed with sarin, began foaming at the mouth, collapsed into convulsions, and died an hour later. Afterward, Olson spoke about his discomfort with a psychiatrist who helped direct the research, William Sargant.
The meeting broke up. Olson headed back to Frederick. By the time he arrived, he was a changed man.
The next morning, 23 November, Olson showed up early at Fort Detrick. His boss, Vincent Ruwet, arrived soon after. Neither were in good shape. More than four days had passed since they had been given LSD without their knowledge. Ruwet later called it “the most frightening experience I have ever had or hope to have”.
By this time MK-Ultra had been under way for seven months. It was one of the government’s deepest secrets, guarded by security that was, as Olson had been told when he joined the special operations division, “tighter than tight”. Barely two dozen men knew its true nature. Nine had been at Deep Creek Lake. Several of those had been surreptitiously dosed with LSD. Now one of them seemed out of control. This was no light matter for men who believed that the success or failure of MK-Ultra might determine the fate of the US, and all humanity.
In 2017, Stephen Saracco, a retired New York assistant district attorney who had investigated the Olson case and remained interested in it, made his first visit to the hotel room where Olson spent his final night. Looking around the room, Saracco said, raised the question of how Olson could have done it.
“If this would have been a suicide, it would have been very difficult to accomplish,” Saracco concluded. “There was motive to kill him. He knew the deepest, darkest secrets of the cold war. Would the American government kill an American citizen who was a scientist, who was working for the CIA and the army, if they thought he was a security risk? There are people who say: ‘Definitely.’”